holocaust

Book Review: The Boy in the Striped Pajamas

Nadya Sharfina · April 28, 2025 · Leave a Comment

"Told through the eyes of innocence, The Boy in the Striped Pajamas makes history heartbreakingly human."

The Boy in the Striped Pajamas by John Boyne is one of those books that lingers in your mind long after you turn the last page. I first picked it up not really knowing what to expect, but it left a lasting impression on me. Even though there are many books about the Holocaust, this one felt different. Maybe because it tells the story through the eyes of children. It was first published in 2006 and later made into a film in 2008, directed by Mark Herman. What makes it so powerful is how it shows such a dark chapter in history from an innocent point of view. I think we keep coming back to stories like this not because we want to feel sad, but because it’s important. It reminds us of the terrible things that happened and why we must never forget them.

Themes That Haunt: Innocence, Prejudice, and War

The Holocaust, as we know involved the genocide of six million Jews during World War II. Nazi Germany and its allies believed that white Germans were superior, and that cruel belief led to unimaginable suffering. What I found especially powerful about this book is the way it steps away from the broader history and instead tells a deeply personal story through the eyes of two young boys who are completely unaware of the horrors happening around them.

Bruno, the main character, is just nine years old when his family moves because of his father’s job in the army. From his bedroom window, he spots what he thinks is a “farm,” where people walk around in “striped pajamas.” But as readers, we realize what Bruno doesn’t, that he’s actually looking at a concentration camp. That moment really hit me because it shows just how innocent Bruno is. He doesn’t understand what the camp is or what’s really going on. His curiosity grows when he notices children on the other side of the fence, and since he feels lonely in his new home, all he wants is someone to play with.

Eventually, he meets Shmuel, a Jewish boy living inside the camp. Like Bruno, Shmuel doesn’t fully understand what’s happening either. He doesn’t know why he was brought there, why he’s been separated from his family, or why Bruno gets to live comfortably with food and freedom while he doesn’t. Seeing these two boys, both so innocent and confused, trying to make sense of a world that’s far too cruel for them to understand was heartbreaking.

It doesn’t take long for Bruno and Shmuel to become friends. Their conversations are simple, just like any children’s would be. Bruno asks innocent questions like what Shmuel’s favorite animal is, or where he’d go if he could travel anywhere in the world. But even in these light-hearted moments, there’s a quiet sadness underneath.

What makes this story hit so deeply is how it shows the quiet tragedy of childhood innocence caught in the middle of something so cruel. The adults are the ones with power, pride, and prejudice, but the children are the ones who suffer most deeply. Bruno and Shmuel don’t care about race or religion. They just see each other as kids, as friends. That innocence, the way it’s so fragile, and how quickly it can be taken away is one of the most heartbreaking parts of the story.

Book vs. Film

In my opinion, not many books make the transition to film very well. Often, the execution falls short, whether it’s due to changes in character appearance, alterations to some scenes, or sometimes just a poor overall adaptation. The Boy in the Striped Pajamas is one of the exceptions that does a good job.

The movie stays quite faithful to the book, the overall story and message remain the same. Personally, I felt the book had a deeper emotional impact on me, maybe because it lets you sit with the characters’ thoughts and feelings a bit longer. On the other hand, the film brings the story to life through visuals and sound, which adds a different kind of power, especially in the final scenes that feel so sudden and devastating. If you get the chance, I’d definitely recommend experiencing both.

Wishing for a World Without War

The book ends with a chilling phrase: “Of course, all of this happened a long time ago and nothing like that could ever happen again. Not in this day and age.” As we read those words, it’s hard not to wonder: has it really ended? The story takes place during World War II, a time when the horrors of the Holocaust unfolded. today, when we look at the news, wars are still happening in many parts of the world. There are ongoing conflicts over land, politics, and power. People are still prejudiced, and innocent lives are being lost every day. The most heartbreaking part is that children, even babies, are still caught in the violence. Schools and hospitals are bombed. It’s almost as if some of the worst parts of history are repeating themselves.

It’s a painful thought, but it makes us realize that humans haven’t changed as much as we’d like to believe. We still let our egos and feelings of superiority corrupt our actions. The idea that one group of people is “better” than another continues to fuel so much of the violence and injustice we see around the world today. And despite all the books, all the stories, and all the history we have, it seems we haven’t learned enough from the past.

Sometimes, I wonder how many more years it will take before we can truly live in peace. How many more generations will have to experience the same hatred and violence that Bruno and Shmuel did? Wouldn’t it be wonderful if we could all live as they did without borders, without hatred, just as friends?

What You Can Learn from This Book

This book teaches us something really important: empathy. It reminds us how powerful it is to understand and feel what someone else might be going through. The Boy in the Striped Pajamas makes you stop and think about what life is like for people who are suffering or treated unfairly. When we see the world through Bruno and Shmuel’s eyes, we’re reminded that behind every label or uniform is a real human being with emotions, fears, and hopes.

Another message that stood out to me is how harmful it is to judge people based on where they come from. The story shows how dangerous it can be when people believe they’re better than others because of race, religion, or status. Bruno and Shmuel don’t care about those things. To them, they’re just two boys looking for a friend. That simple connection says more than all the hate and prejudice surrounding them.

I also found Bruno’s constant questions really meaningful. Even when the adults around him avoided giving real answers, he kept asking. His curiosity shows us how important it is to think for ourselves and speak up when something doesn’t feel right. It’s okay not to understand everything right away. What matters is being willing to learn and try to understand more.

Bruno’s misunderstandings and the way he describes things add even more depth to the story. Often, what’s not said out loud carries just as much weight as what is. It reminds us how important it is to read between the lines to notice the feelings, the silences, and the tone.

And maybe the most powerful message of all: friendship doesn’t need to follow rules. Even with a fence between them, Bruno and Shmuel form a real bond. Their friendship is simple, pure, and honest. It shows that even in the darkest times, kindness can survive and that human connection can break through even the strongest walls.

For more stories about holocaust, check out Who Revealed Anne Frank’s Hiding Place? and The Story of the Tattooist of Auschwitz

Who Revealed Anne Frank’s Hiding Place?

Nadya Sharfina · May 21, 2024 · Leave a Comment

"The diary of Anne Frank serves as a poignant record of life in hiding under Nazi rule, ensuring her legacy as a symbol of the Holocaust's countless victims."

Anne Frank is widely recognised as one of the most prominent victims of the Holocaust. Throughout the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands, Anne documented her experiences of life in hiding under Nazi persecution.

Her diary provides a poignant glimpse into the daily struggles and emotional turmoil faced by her family and others in hiding during Adolf Hitler’s reign of terror. Through her words, the world has come to know the Frank family and their companions in the Secret Annex.

After 25 months of concealment, tragedy struck when the hiding place was discovered. The circumstances surrounding this discovery remain shrouded in mystery. Questions persist about how the Gestapo learned of the hiding place and who may have betrayed the occupants.

Early Life and Family

Annelies Marie Frank, better known as Anne Frank, was born on June 12, 1929, in Frankfurt, Germany. She was the second daughter of Otto and Edith Frank. Anne’s father, Otto, had served as a lieutenant in the German army during World War I and later became a businessman in Germany and the Netherlands. Otto and Edith were dedicated parents with a strong interest in scholarly pursuits, and they maintained an extensive library at home. This environment encouraged both Anne and her older sister Margot, who was three years Anne’s senior, to develop a love for reading.

The Frank family lived in a diverse and assimilated community where Jewish and non-Jewish citizens of various religious backgrounds coexisted. Although the Franks identified as Jewish, they did not strictly adhere to all Jewish customs and traditions. This liberal outlook shaped Anne’s upbringing in a culturally rich and open-minded household.

The 1920s were a challenging time for Germany, as the country grappled with severe economic difficulties due in large part to the harsh sanctions imposed by the Treaty of Versailles, which ended World War I. Amidst this economic turmoil, the National German Socialist Workers Party, commonly known as the Nazi Party and led by Adolf Hitler, gained significant influence. By 1933, the Nazis had seized control of the German government, and their virulently anti-Semitic policies began to take effect.

As the political climate in Germany deteriorated, Otto Frank foresaw the impending dangers and fled to Amsterdam in the Netherlands, where he had established business connections. The rest of the Frank family soon followed, with Anne being the last to join them in February 1934, after spending some time with her grandparents in Aachen. This move marked the beginning of a new chapter in Anne’s life, one that would be profoundly shaped by the turbulent events of the era.

In Hiding Place

After leaving Germany, the Franks found relief in their new hometown of Amsterdam, where they could once again enjoy freedom. Otto Frank became the managing director of the Dutch Opekta Company, which manufactured products used in making jam. Anne started attending Amsterdam’s Sixth Montessori School in 1934, leading a relatively happy and normal childhood. She had many friends and was known for being a bright and inquisitive student.

However, their peaceful life was short-lived. On September 1, 1939, Nazi Germany invaded Poland, sparking the global conflict that would become World War II. The situation worsened on May 10, 1940, when the German army invaded the Netherlands. The Dutch surrendered five days later, beginning the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands.

In July 1942, Anne and her family were forced to go into hiding to escape the escalating persecution of Jews. They were eventually joined by four other Jews: Hermann, Auguste, Peter van Pels, and Fritz Pfeffer. For two years, they lived in a secret apartment at 263 Prinsengracht Street, hidden behind the business offices where Otto Frank had worked as a company director. Anne referred to this hiding place in her diary as the Secret Annex.

While in hiding, Anne kept a detailed diary where she recorded her fears, hopes, and daily experiences. This diary has since become a powerful testament to the resilience and courage of those who endured the horrors of the Holocaust.

Deported to Auschwitz

On August 4, 1944, the German SS and police discovered the Frank family’s hiding place. Along with the residents of the Secret Annex, the police also arrested two of their helpers. The exact reason for this raid remains unclear. Some speculate that the Germans found the hiding place by chance while investigating reports of illegal activities and fraud involving ration coupons at the house. However, the most widely accepted theory is that the police were tipped off by an anonymous caller, whose identity remains unknown to this day.

Following their arrest, the people from the hiding place were transported to the Auschwitz concentration camp in Poland. This marked the beginning of a harrowing journey that would separate families and test their endurance in unimaginable ways.

At Auschwitz, the men and women were separated, marking the last time Otto Frank saw his wife and daughters. After a month of grueling labour, Anne and her sister Margot were transferred once again. They were sent to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp in Germany, while their parents stayed behind in Auschwitz. Tragically, Edith Frank fell ill and died at Auschwitz on January 6, 1945.

The conditions at Bergen-Belsen were appalling. Sanitation was terrible, food was scarce, and the camp was plagued by cold, wet weather and rampant disease. In these harsh conditions, Anne and Margot contracted typhus. In February 1945, both sisters succumbed to the disease—Margot first, followed shortly by Anne. Anne was just 15 years old at the time of her death.

By the end of the war, Otto Frank emerged as the sole survivor of his family and the only one from the Secret Annex to survive. He was liberated from Auschwitz by the Russians and, during his long journey back to the Netherlands, he learned of the deaths of his wife and daughters.

Becoming a Historical Icon

When Otto Frank returned to Amsterdam after the war, he found Anne’s diary, which had been saved by Miep Gies. Anne’s writing made a deep impression on Otto, especially her aspirations of becoming a writer or a journalist. Moved by her words and determined to honour her memory, Otto decided to publish her diary.

On June 25, 1947, “The Diary of a Young Girl” was published. Since then, it has been translated into more than 70 languages. Various editions, as well as screen and stage adaptations, have been created worldwide. Commonly referred to as “The Diary of Anne Frank,” it remains one of the most moving and widely read firsthand accounts of the Jewish experience during the Holocaust.

Otto Frank passed away in 1980. He had always hoped that readers of the diary would become more aware of the dangers of discrimination and racism. Today, the home where the Franks hid in Amsterdam, now known as the Anne Frank House, draws more than a million visitors each year. The enduring impact of Anne’s diary continues to educate and inspire people around the globe.

The Story of the Tattooist of Auschwitz

Rebecca Samuel · April 11, 2023 · Leave a Comment

"Prisoners risk their lives for each other trying to sneak food or medicine around, but they also fight for space, quarrel and struggle for survival, because being alive for even 24 hours more is no longer a guarantee."

When I read novels about the Holocaust, especially those based on real life experiences, I need to be in a calm state of mind, so that I don’t become too distressed by the time I get to the various torturous episodes which will inevitably be present in any recounting of one of the worst war crimes in the last century – the genocide of European Jews throughout World War II.

Admittedly, the novel did not touch on or dwell on the tortures and deaths as much as some of the other novels I have read that centred on the topic. Indeed, the protagonist, Lale Sokolov, manages to procure for himself a better life than most of the other prisoners, albeit with the horror of having to tattoo all of his fellow prisoners with serial numbers – a practice introduced in order to allow the German authorities to not just keep track of prisoners, but to able to identify bodies when they died. People were thus relegated to the status of mere objects, and in exchange for a better chance of survival, Sokolov had to carry out this horrific task.

The novel describes malnutrition, typhus, the gassing of and random shootings of prisoners and ashes raining down upon the concentration camp – ashes of the Jews who were burnt in the massive incinerators. Prisoners risk their lives for each other trying to sneak food or medicine around, but they also fight for space, quarrel and struggle for survival, because being alive for even 24 hours more is no longer a guarantee. The novelist Heather Morris weaves in the sense of desperation and hopelessness well, along with the fury and frustrations that sweep through the prisoners, at being treated inhumanely for no reason other than the hate perpetuated by anti-Semitism.

A part of the plot involves Lale Sokolov meeting the love of his life, Gita, and how he goes the extra mile, often risking his life, to make sure that he takes care of her in whatever way he can. They go through stretches of time when they don’t see one another, and live in utter terror that the other has been gassed or incinerated. The love story and the hope the reader starts to nurture, that the two lovers will survive, leave the camp and thrive together after the war, will keep one turning page after page to see if it works out.

Overall, it is not as compelling a read as some of the other Holocaust Literature I have read, such as ‘Night’ by Elie Wiesel or the famous ‘The Diary of a Young Girl’ by Anne Frank. The character of Gita was not as well-rounded as it could have been, and representatives from the Auschwitz Memorial Research Center have questioned some specific facts in the novel as being understated or misrepresented. The novel however is a good read for anyone starting out on the vast canon of Holocaust Literature, and the lessons to be learnt from the horrors of that time.