The World Around Us

Uncover the Top 8 Haunted Locations in Singapore

Nadya Sharfina · May 9, 2024 · Leave a Comment

"Discover Singapore's hidden mysteries: amidst the city's modernity lie eerie locales steeped in legend and history, inviting you to uncover their secrets."

Within the bustling modernity of Singapore lie pockets of mystery and intrigue. Despite its cosmopolitan facade, the city harbors eerie locales steeped in history and legend. Abandoned buildings, former war sites, and secluded forests hold stories that captivate both locals and tourists alike. These haunted places offer a fascinating glimpse into Singapore’s lesser-known past.

As you explore, tales of restless spirits and unexplained phenomena will draw you in. Each haunted spot carries its own unique history, inviting the brave to uncover its secrets. Join us as we unveil the top eight haunted locations, each with its own tale to tell and mysteries to unravel.

1. Syonan Jinja

Syonan Jinja, once a revered Shinto shrine, stands as a silent witness to Singapore’s horrific World War II past under Japanese occupation. Constructed during this time period, it serves as a poignant reminder of the sacrifices made and the difficulties faced. Despite its historical significance, the shrine is now tucked away almost out of sight in the jungle.

Local legends speak of Japanese soldiers’ spirits still lingering in the forest, adding an eerie atmosphere to the site. Tales of the fabled Yamashita Gold buried nearby continue to lure treasure hunters, despite the risks of getting lost in the labyrinthine trails.

While the shrine’s allure is undeniable, caution is advised for those venturing into the woods. The tranquil beauty of nature belies the potential dangers lurking within, highlighting the intriguing blend of reverence and risk that defines Syonan Jinja’s haunting presence.

2. Old Changi Hospital

This old building was constructed in 1935 as part of a military base. It has a sad history from the time of the Japanese Occupation when it was used as a prison for more than 50,000 war captives. People say the building is haunted by the past. There are stories of strange sounds like cries and moans, and sightings of shadowy figures. Some say there’s a hidden torture chamber used by the Japanese Secret Police. These stories make the building seem mysterious and spooky.

Since it was left empty in 1997, the building has become a symbol of its own history. It looks worn down now, and groups of teenagers have been caught trespassing for many years. Although you can no longer go inside because it has been closed off you can still view it fairly easily from the roads and paths surrounding it.

3. Haw Par Villa

Once called Tiger Balm Gardens, the Haw Par Villa invites you to explore its diverse collection of statues, each telling stories from Chinese legends and folklore. Walking through this place, you’ll step into a world where strange and marvelous sculptures stand side by side.

Hidden among these curious creations is the Ten Courts of Hell, a chilling display showing the consequences of one’s actions in the afterlife. It’s a graphic depiction of torture and punishment, serving as a stark warning of the consequences of wrongdoing.

Legend has it that the villa holds a dark secret. There are whispers about its connection to the gates of hell, fueled by stories of strange events that happen after sunset. Even the security guards talk about eerie happenings they can’t explain.

Some people believe the statues aren’t just sculptures—they think they’re real people turned to wax. As night falls, the air supposedly fills with the screams of the damned, scaring away people from getting too close.

4. Woodleigh MRT

Sitting atop the former Bidadari Cemetery, Woodleigh MRT station tells a story of urban renewal. Despite starting construction in 2003, the station remained empty until its opening in 2011, sparking rumors of unrest amongst the departed.

According to legend, the spirits of Bidadari Cemetery were disturbed by the station’s construction, and commuters passing by reported seeing ghostly white figures near the closed station, hinting at lingering discontent.

Once part of Singapore’s largest burial ground, the area now occupied by Woodleigh MRT station witnessed the relocation of over 147,000 graves to make room for development. It’s a solemn reminder of time’s passage and the city-state’s evolving landscape.

While the station now buzzes with activity, some still feel the presence of the past. For them, the spirits of Woodleigh MRT station serve as a reminder of the balance between progress and respect for history.

5. Siglap Estate

In the midst of Singapore’s urban sprawl lies Siglap Estate, its name hinting at mystery with its Malay translation, the “dark one.” Back in the 1950s, when Siglap was just a kampong, tales of the supernatural filled the air. Locals whispered about the pontianak, a malevolent spirit said to lurk in the shadows.

These spooky stories made their way to the big screen with the 1957 film “Pontianak,” shot in the rustic setting of the kampong, forever linking Siglap to its eerie reputation. Even today, sightings of the pontianak continue, keeping the estate’s spectral legacy alive.

Siglap however, holds more than just ghost stories. Beneath its peaceful exterior lies the Valley of Death, where over 40 mass war graves bear witness to the horrors of World War II. Japanese soldiers massacred civilians here, leaving behind a legacy of tragedy etched into the community’s memory.

The supernatural ties of Siglap go deeper yet. In Kubur Kassim Cemetery, there are graves dedicated to the orang bunian, elf-like beings from folklore who are said to have connections with humans, even intermarrying with them. It’s a testament to Siglap’s rich blend of legend and lore.

6. Amber Beacon Tower

The Amber Beacon Tower, a landmark in East Coast Park, is known as one of Singapore’s top haunted spots. Legend has it that a chilling incident unfolded here back in 1990. A young couple, out for a night of fun, suddenly found themselves under attack at the tower.

A 21-year-old woman and her 22-year-old companion were enjoying the evening when two mysterious figures ascended the tower. Without warning, they launched a vicious assault on the couple. The woman fell victim to a fatal stab to the neck, while the man wounded but alive, fled to seek aid, leaving his companion behind on the ground. Despite investigations, the case remains unsolved.

Since then, visitors have reported seeing bloodstains, a ghostly woman in white, and hearing eerie cries around the tower at night. It’s become a chilling reminder of the mysterious and unexplained.

7. Woodneuk House

Istana Woodneuk, an abandoned palace located near the Singapore Botanic Gardens, was once a grand structure in Tyersall Park. It was rebuilt in 1935 but suffered adevastating fire in 2006, rendering it beyond repair. The land it sits on belongs to the State of Johor, and it’s not accessible to the public. Even though it’s not on most maps, its grounds are marked as “Permanently closed” on Google Maps.

It’s often mistaken for Istana Tyersall, which had red roof tiles, unlike Istana Woodneuk’s blue tiles. The government bought Tyersall Park in 1990, but it remained closed to the public, falling into disrepair and becoming overgrown with vegetation. It became a hotspot for ghost hunters and photographers due to its inaccessible nature.

In 2006, a fire, reportedly started by drug addicts, destroyed Istana Woodneuk, leaving it structurally unsound. Police cordoned off the forest path leading to it in 2015, and in 2016, warning signs were placed to deter trespassers.

8. Marsiling Bunkers

Deep within the Marsiling forest lie the eerie remains of the Marsiling Bunkers. Remnants of Singapore’s wartime history, these bunkers now carry stories of strange occurrences.

Some claim to have seen mysterious faces and heard unexplained sounds within the bunker’s depths, adding to its otherworldly aura. Despite its haunted reputation, the derelict bunker attracts the curious and adventurous, though the rugged terrain and real dangers like massive lizards and deep waters serve as deterrents.

Historically, the tunnels and bunker were used as an oil reserve station by the British, later expanded by the Japanese during their occupation. Speculations suggest it may have been used as a torture chamber, with rumors of an underground passage leading to a former mental hospital nearby.

Abandoned and overgrown by the jungle, the site remained hidden until the early 2000s when a tunnel leading to the bunker was discovered. Today, it’s a haunting reminder of a turbulent past, intertwined with nature’s reclaiming embrace.

For more horror stories, check out 8 Ghost Stories That Haunt Singapore Schools and 5 of the Creepiest School Ghost Stories in Asia.

Should TikTok Be Banned?

Nadya Sharfina · March 22, 2024 · Leave a Comment

"As TikTok's popularity soars, governments worldwide grapple with privacy concerns, prompting bans and legislative actions."

TikTok, which is owned by ByteDance, has become a well-known social media platform. However, its popularity hasn’t kept it from facing rising international issues. Governments worldwide are increasingly taking decisive action against TikTok, citing concerns over data privacy and cybersecurity as key drivers behind their moves.

At the time of writing, TikTok is completely banned in Afghanistan, India, Nepal, and Somalia. Some other countries such as Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, New Zealand, Norway and the U.K. have banned TikTok on governmental devices.

The most recent blow to TikTok in the United States occurred on March 13, when the House of Representatives voted to forward a measure. If passed, this bill could lead to TikTok being banned in a country with one of the largest numbers of both users and creators. Why is the U.S. considering banning TikTok, and who initiated this movement? Should TikTok indeed be banned, considering the implications it may have on its millions of users?

What’s Prompting the U.S. to Ban TikTok?

The current news about TikTok potentially being banned in the United States is the result of a House bill that was recently enacted. It is part of an ongoing political debate over the platform. TikTok has been a huge success since its debut in 2017, surpassing Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, and YouTube in terms of downloads in 2018. However, its quick expansion has alarmed lawmakers, who are concerned about data privacy and censorship due to its Chinese roots.

Despite TikTok’s reassurances that it won’t hand over U.S. user data to the Chinese government, concerns linger. Investigations revealing China-based employees accessing non-public U.S. user data only added to the unease. TikTok claims that U.S. customer data is stored outside of China, mostly in Singapore and the United States, with the assistance of American IT giant Oracle. Many lawmakers, however, have not been happy with these guarantees. This culminated in CEO Shou Zi Chew facing a severe grilling before Congress in March 2023.

Who Initiated the U.S. TikTok Ban?

TikTok has faced numerous bans and attempted bans in many countries in recent years. In 2020, Donald Trump proposed a ban in the U.S., but the courts quickly blocked it, citing First Amendment rights. The following year, the U.S. government restricted the app’s use on official phones, a move that was replicated by at least 34 states by 2023, indicating a broad unwillingness to engage with TikTok inside official circles.

Aside from government prohibitions, TikTok experienced opposition from educational institutions, with over 50 universities in the United States choosing to restrict its usage on campus Wi-Fi and laptops. Meanwhile, India implemented a ban in 2020 following safety concerns. This governmental decision shifted the competitive landscape in India, favouring alternatives such as YouTube Shorts and Instagram Reels.

Even within China, where TikTok is based, the app hasn’t taken centre stage. Instead, Douyin, a locally tailored platform with stricter content moderation, dominates the scene. This divergence demonstrates how TikTok’s presence and reception varied across areas, with regulatory settings impacting its trajectory in each location.

Will U.S. TikTok Shut Down Soon?

TikTok’s immediate fate has not yet been determined. The Senate must approve the proposal before it becomes law. Although the President of the United States, Joe Biden, has expressed his intention to sign it, it must first pass through the Senate. The timing of this vote remains unknown.

What Are TikTok Users Saying?

Many influencers are crossing their fingers, hoping that lawmakers will give the matter a second thought. They argue that TikTok serves as a vital space for bringing people together and discussing important social justice issues. It’s not just about funny dances and light-hearted content; TikTok also hosts meaningful discussions and educational content. The platform has become a powerful tool for amplifying diverse voices and raising awareness on critical issues. Its unique format allows complex topics to be shared in a digestible and engaging way, reaching millions worldwide.

If the House bill makes it into law, it could spell trouble for small businesses and social media influencers alike. Small businesses rely on TikTok for marketing and even run their e-commerce operations through TikTok Shop. For influencers. who have invested years into building their follower base and securing brand deals, this could seriously impact their livelihoods.

Should Countries Ban TikTok?

TikTok offers more than just entertainment. Alongside fun content, it provides educational, inspiring, and informative material from around the world. For today’s tech-savvy youth, TikTok is a valuable resource for learning in our fast-changing digital landscape.

Deciding whether to ban TikTok, especially for educational use, is complex. On one hand, it offers a variety of educational content, from academic subjects to practical skills. Many educators and learners have utilised TikTok as a supplementary tool for teaching and learning due to its engaging format.

However, issues about data privacy, content filtering, and inappropriate content are all worth considering. While TikTok has educational value, it also has hazards, especially for younger users who are more receptive to incorrect or misleading information.

Instead of an outright prohibition, a more nuanced approach may include setting strong safety controls and standards to limit potential risks. This could include encouraging responsible use, providing tools for digital literacy and online safety, and requiring parental supervision for younger users. Read ‘Navigating Kids to a Secure Online: Tips and Suggestions’

Why Are Traditional Festivals Still Important to Us?

Nadya Sharfina · January 27, 2024 · Leave a Comment

"Singapore's rich tapestry of festivals celebrates cultural diversity, weaving together traditions from China, India, and Malay origins, fostering community bonds and cherished memories."

Living in Singapore offers the experience for us to immerse in the festivals celebrated by its diverse ethnic and religious communities throughout the year. In the early stages, migrants from China and India Introduced their cultural and religious customs to Singapore’s small Malay community. For these immigrants, embracing their traditional festivals provided a sense of identity and comfort.

Today, festivals such as Lunar New Year, Hari Raya Aidilfitri, Vesak Day, Pongal, Deepavali, and Christmas remain significant occasions for gatherings with family and friends, continuing to hold a special place in the hearts of the people of Singapore.

Some Traditional Festivals Around the World

Diverse religions and beliefs create distinct cultures and festivals with their own rituals and meanings. Read on to find out more about these colourful celebrations!

Lunar New Year: Also known as Chinese New Year, it marks the beginning of the lunar calendar. The zodiac animals, including the dragon, rabbit, tiger, ox, snake, horse, goat, monkey, rooster, dog, and pig, represent different years in the cycle. Celebrations involve family reunions with traditional dishes (such as dumplings, noodles, fish, and sticky rice cakes) and the sharing of red envelopes bringing money for good luck.

Hari Raya Aidilfitri (Eid al-Fitr): This Muslim traditional festival marks the end of Ramadan, known as the Islamic holy month of fasting. It is a time for prayers, forgiveness, and festive gatherings with family and friends. Traditional delicacies of East Asian Muslims like rendang (beef), ketupat (a rice dish wrapped in palm or coconut leaves), chicken, and potatoes crowd the dining tables. Muslims often wear new clothes to symbolise a fresh start and embrace positive changes with renewed spirits.

Hari Raya Haji (Eid al-Adha): The holy Quran tells the story of Prophet Ibrahim’s (Abraham’s) readiness to sacrifice his son, Ismail (Ishmael), as a display of obedience to God’s command. Yet, as Prophet Ibrahim prepared for the sacrifice, God intervened, providing a lamb in place of his son. This story resonates deeply among Muslims, who mark the occasion by sacrificing animals such as goats, sheep, lambs, cows, and camels. The meat is then distributed to those in need and consumed during joyful family reunions.

Vesak Day: It stands as a Buddhist festival honouring the life stages of Gautama Buddha: his birth, enlightenment, and passing. During this time, Buddhists visit temples, bathe Buddha statues, and light candles and incense to illuminate the way to enlightenment. Vesak is also known for charitable and friendly acts. It’s a day of reflection, dedication, and living out Buddhist teachings in daily life.

Pongal: A multi-day Hindu harvest festival primarily celebrated in Tamil Nadu, India. It marks the end of the winter solstice and the beginning of the sun’s six-month-long journey northward (Uttarayana). Pongal is also the name of a traditional sweet rice dish prepared during the festival. Specific rituals during Pongal include boiling freshly harvested rice with milk and jaggery in earthen pots until it overflows, families gathering to cook together, decorating homes with colourful designs, and engaging in cultural performances and games.

Deepavali (Diwali): Also known as the Festival of Lights, it is one of the most significant Hindu festivals celebrated by millions of Hindus, Sikhs andJains.. It represents the triumph of light over darkness, kindness over evil, and knowledge over ignorance. People decorate their homes with diyas (oil lamps), set off fireworks, exchange gifts, and share festive meals such as sweets, samosas (deep-fried pastry filled with spiced potatoes or meat), pakoras (deep-fried vegetables dipped in chickpea flour batter), and namak pare (crispy savoury snacks).

Christmas: A Christian festival honouring the birth of Jesus Christ, it is celebrated on December 25th. The traditions include praying at church, decorating homes with Christmas trees and lights, and sharing gifts with loved ones. Christmas meals typically include roast turkey, ham, mashed potatoes, cranberry sauce, and pudding or fruitcake for dessert.

Thaipusam: A Hindu festival that honours Lord Murugan, the Hindu god of war and victory. Devotees pierce their bodies with skewers and hooks as an expression of faith and repentance. During processions to temples, they transport kavadis, the structures covered with decorations and offerings. Devotees may also engage in acts of self-mortification, such as carrying pots of milk or barefoot walking. These ceremonies represent devotion, cleansing, and fulfilment of vows made to Lord Murugan.

Hanukkah: The eight-day Jewish celebration known as the Festival of Lights remembers the rededication of Jerusalem’s Second Temple. The menorah, a nine-branched candelabrum, is lit every night throughout the holiday. Families gather to celebrate traditional dishes like latkes (potato pancakes) and sufganiyot (jelly-filled doughnuts), which symbolise the oil’s eight-day miracle. Another tradition is playing dreidel, a spinning top game with Hebrew letters that mean “A great miracle happened there.”

Connecting Past and Present

Celebrated for centuries, these festivals bridge the gap between the past and the present, creating a continuum of shared experiences that transcend generations. With roots that reach back into history, these celebrations stand as a testament to the resilience of cultural traditions, inviting us to partake in the collective legacy of those who celebrated them decades and even centuries ago.

As we usher in each new season of festivity, we honour the customs of our forebears. Beyond the rituals and festivities, these occasions serve as poignant reminders of the importance of fostering a sense of continuity. Through the joyous observance of these time-honoured traditions, we not only pay homage to the past but also forge connections with the present.

Celebrating Heritage

In the vibrant tapestry of our multicultural society, the celebration of heritage becomes a cornerstone in the mosaic of our identities. It’s a collective embrace of our bloodline, a testament to the pride we take in our unique backgrounds. In a world where some societies grapple with issues of acceptance and inclusion, we, in our diverse haven, find solace and strength in the celebration of our rich cultural heritage. Beyond the boundaries of race and religion, this celebration becomes a unifying force, reinforcing the importance of understanding, respect, and the profound beauty that arises when we recognise and appreciate each other for who we are.

Living in a multicultural country provides us with the rare opportunity to revel in the richness of various traditions. It’s a poignant reminder that our identity is a blend of myriad influences, and by celebrating our heritage, we forge a connection that transcends the superficial differences that often divide societies. In doing so, we not only preserve our unique identities but also contribute to the creation of a harmonious tapestry where each thread is valued, ensuring that no one feels neglected or overshadowed.

Bridges Across Generations

Traditional festivals stand as timeless bridges that connect the diverse generations within our families. From Boomers to Gen Z, these celebratory occasions serve as family reunion days. It’s an opportunity for different generations to gather around the same table, sharing laughter, stories, and the warmth that comes with celebrating traditions that have endured the test of time.

As Boomers bring the wisdom of their experiences, and Gen Z adds the zest of youthful energy, these festivals become a melting pot of perspectives, creating a unique blend of old and new. In the joyous moments of celebration, shared traditions become the common ground where generations meet, fostering understanding, connection, and a sense of belonging. It’s a family affair that transcends age, reminding us that, no matter the differences in our journeys, the ties that bind us through these timeless festivities are stronger than any generation gap.

Shaped Immigrant Communities

In the heart of Singapore’s vibrant tapestry lies a rich mosaic of immigrant communities, each leaving an indelible mark on the cultural landscape through their distinctive festivals. From the exuberance of the Lunar New Year to the festive cheer of Christmas, the city-state comes alive with the kaleidoscope of traditions brought by the Chinese, Indian, and Malay communities. These celebrations extend beyond mere observance, shaping the very fabric of Singaporean identity. Streets adorned with vibrant decorations, shopping malls transformed into festive wonderlands, and hotels and restaurants echoing with the spirit of the season – the visual spectacle of these festivals paints a vivid portrait of unity in diversity.

During significant celebrations like Hari Raya, Vesak Day, Pongal, and Deepavali, Singaporeans embrace the festive spirit with a week of public holidays that bring people together. What makes these festivities truly remarkable is their inclusive nature, inviting those from diverse backgrounds to partake in the joyous atmosphere. The culinary traditions, especially, play a central role, with even those not originally celebrating the festivals enthusiastically indulging in iconic dishes. Beyond the revelry, these festivals act as powerful agents of integration, fostering a shared sense of community and reinforcing Singapore’s status as a harmonious melting pot of cultures.

Easy Read: How ChatGPT and AI Affect Education

Nadya Sharfina · June 2, 2023 · Leave a Comment

"In the realm of education, Artificial Intelligence has made great strides in recent years, and ChatGPT stands as a prime example of its impact."

In recent years, there have been big advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) that have had a big impact on many parts of our lives, including education. One example of AI in education is ChatGPT, which is a powerful tool that can change the way we learn and teach. It’s an AI system that can have text-based conversations and act like a virtual tutor or learning partner.

The astonishing potential of AI has been the subject of much discussion ever since Alan Turing proposed a test for machine intelligence in the 1950s. According to UNICEF’s forecast, AI in education was expected to be worth $6 billion by 2027. However, a recent study suggests that it may even reach $20 billion. This prediction is especially relevant today because ChatGPT is now widely used in conversations. Hence, given the remarkable growth of AI, this article will go into more detail on how AI is affecting the education industry.

ChatGPT and AI Influence on Education

ChatGPT is an AI system that uses advanced technology to communicate with users using text. Students can get individualised assistance, have their burning questions answered, and discuss various topics. The algorithm has access to a vast knowledge base and can produce responses that exactly mimic human speech. Consequently, this makes learning more effective as ChatGPT can provide immediate feedback, explanations, and extra resources to assist students in their understanding.

There are additional AI applications that affect education in addition to ChatGPT. These consist of intelligent tutoring systems, automated grading, adaptive learning platforms, and personalised learning algorithms.

a. Benefits of ChatGPT and AI in Education:

Personalised Learning: AI systems, such as ChatGPT, have the ability to customise educational content according to each student’s unique needs and preferences. This personalised approach to learning enhances engagement and understanding, leading to better outcomes.
Accessibility 24/7: AI-powered tools are accessible at all times from any location. This flexibility enables students to learn at their own pace and convenience.
Immediate Feedback: Instant feedback is given on assignments, tests, and exams by AI systems. With such immediate feedback, students can identify areas for growth right away and make the required adjustments, which improves learning and development.

b. Disadvantages and Challenges:

Lack of Human Interaction: While ChatGPT and other AI systems are helpful, they cannot take the place of human interaction. Social and emotional growth depends heavily on human connection, thus it’s critical to strike a balance between using AI-powered technologies and including human involvement in the educational process.
Data Privacy and Security: Large amounts of student data are gathered and analysed in order to employ AI in education. Furthermore, to safeguard sensitive student data from illegal access or exploitation, it is crucial to ensure suitable data privacy and security safeguards.

ChatGPT and AI Influence on the Future

In the upcoming years, it is anticipated that ChatGPT and AI will have a positive impact on education. We may anticipate the creation of more complex AI-powered tools with a greater grasp of each student’s needs as AI technology develops. In addition, these resources will help teachers create individualised learning plans for students, spot potential problem areas, and apply targeted interventions to successfully support their academic progress.

Additionally, by increasing access to high-quality education in impoverished places, AI has the potential to help reduce educational inequities. Also, this can improve educational outcomes globally and help close the achievement gap.

The use of AI in education must be approached carefully and in accordance with moral principles. To effectively benefit from AI in education, it is essential to strike a balance between the use of AI and human engagement, address issues of bias and equity, and ensure transparent and accountable AI systems.

ChatGPT and AI have the power to transform education by delivering individualised learning opportunities, quick feedback, and increased accessibility to learning. While using AI in education has many benefits, it’s important to remain conscious of its drawbacks and potential pitfalls. Further, by leveraging AI responsibly and in conjunction with human involvement, we can create an educational landscape that maximises the benefits of both.

If you would like to learn more about topics like this, check out the Curio Journal for insights, news and fresh opinions about the world today: https://curio.sg/journal/

9 Ghost Stories That Haunt Singapore Schools

Nadya Sharfina · May 31, 2023 · Leave a Comment

"Many schools appear to have a fascinating and haunted past that still captures our imagination."

Years after students have left school, you will still hear them discussing one aspect of their teenage lives with great intensity and conviction. In Singapore’s schools, there are spooky stories and supernatural experiences that give people goosebumps for life. Many schools appear to have a fascinating and haunted past that still captures our imagination. Within their walls, ghostly figures appear, strange sounds echo, and eerie encounters unfold, creating a collection of ghost stories deeply woven into the culture of Singapore schools. These supernatural tales have been passed down through generations, whispered among students and teachers.

Let’s explore the supernatural realm together and discover eight of the scariest ghost stories that have become a part of the shared folklore that thrives within Singapore’s schools.

1. The Ghost of Old Admiralty Secondary School

Old Admiralty Secondary School, which closed in 1994, is known as one of the most haunted schools in Singapore. According to legend, the spirit of a deceased student still haunts the empty halls. Visitors have reported hearing footsteps and whispers with no visible source. Some even claim to have seen objects move on their own, creating a chilling atmosphere linked to the school’s ghostly history.

2. The Haunted Classroom at CHIJ St. Nicholas Girls’ School

CHIJ St. Nicholas Girls’ School has a classroom with an eerie reputation. Many students have seen a ghostly figure sitting at one of the desks, even when no one else is present. The room carries an unsettling presence, and some students have heard strange laughter coming from nowhere, sparking curiosity and unease about the supernatural happenings in that classroom.

3. The Mysterious Piano at Victoria School

Photo by Christian GAFENESCH on Unsplash

At Victoria School, there is a captivating story about a mysterious music room. According to the tale, a former music teacher who loved playing the piano has left behind a supernatural presence. When night falls, the music room comes alive with an eerie enchantment as the piano starts playing by itself. The haunting melody echoes through the corridors, mesmerising those who listen and leaving them with a lingering sense of the supernatural.

4. The Crying Child of Nan Chiau High School

Nan Chiau High School has the haunting legend of a ghostly child’s sorrowful cries. Students and teachers have heard the heartbreaking sobs in the school’s quiet corridors. The unexplained weeping creates an eerie and sombre atmosphere as it echoes through the hallways. Even though the ghostly child’s origins are unclear, those who hear its eerie screams are left feeling both sympathetic and uneasy. Harry Potter’s ‘Moaning Myrtle’ definitely comes to mind…

5. The Headless Statue at Raffles Institution

Raffles Institution, a school with a rich history, has a spooky story about a haunted statue. The statue of Sir Stamford Raffles, an important figure from Singapore’s history, is said to sometimes appear without a head at night. The sight of the headless statue terrifies those who see it, leaving them wondering about the mysterious haunting.

6. The Haunted Lake and Labyrinth of Chung Cheng High School

There are some fairly creepy stories going around at Chung Cheng High School. According to some, it is haunted by the spirits of Japanese soldiers. The school has a big lake. Legend has it that if you walk around it three times and ring a nearby bell three times, a creepy mermaid might pop up from the water.

Inside the school’s auditorium, a labyrinthine network of interconnected doors and winding passages exists. According to local legend, these rooms may have had a dark background, possibly serving as torture chambers in the past.

7. The Moving Mannequin at Paya Lebar Methodist Girls’ School

At some point in the past, a mannequin was placed in the classroom to remember a girl after she died by suicide. The mannequin wore her uniform and had her name tag. The classroom was located on the ground floor and faced the track and field. Students noticed something peculiar during their physical education classes – the mannequin always seemed to be facing them, despite its original positioning towards the front of the class.

8. The “White House” of Montfort Secondary School

The “White House,” a historic structure that houses the school and is located in Hougang, is rumoured to be haunted. Students and workers who have been inside the structure have claimed to have heard eerie footsteps, strange noises, and seen apparitions. Some speculate that the ghostly presence may be connected to the school’s past or prior residents.

9. The Haunting of Katie from St. Margaret’s

At St. Margaret’s Secondary School, one ghost story has continued to unsettle students over the years. It centres around an old photo of a girl named “Katie,” which was once displayed outside the school hall. According to the story, Katie was a former student who tragically took her own life. What made the photo even more disturbing was that the closer you looked at her face, the blurrier it appeared.

Adding to the mystery, a poker card signed “Katie” used to be pasted high up on the canteen wall. The card always showed the number 4, and the signature never moved—but students claimed the pattern and colour of the card would change from time to time, even though no one had touched it. Since the ceiling was very high, it only added to the eerie feeling.

For more horror stories, check out 5 of the Creepiest School Ghost Stories in Asia and Uncover the Top 8 Haunted Locations in Singapore.

Space Travel: Reaching for the Cosmos

Rebecca Samuel · April 12, 2023 · Leave a Comment

"And now, space can take on the function of becoming the next tourist destination. "

Richard Branson and Jeff Bezos recently went into space on their own private spaceships, amid fanfare and fuss, glitz and glamour. Why is it such a big deal? One reason is that up to now space travel has been possible only on government craft. Private companies embarking on these voyages – with ticketed passengers to boot – has always been a thing of the future in most people’s minds. The future has clearly arrived.

To most people, space travel has always been an exploratory and scientific endeavour, one that involves billions of dollars, government regulation and administration. If you’re not working towards becoming an astronaut, rocket engineer or any space related vocation, space probably does not occupy your daily concerns much. The foray into space however has altered our daily lives, thanks to the research that went into it and the useful products it yielded. Freeze-dried foods that hikers or long distance campers take with them today were invented for NASA. When they were trying to figure out how to measure the temperature of stars, infrared thermometers were invented and are now in daily use. Even scratch-resistant coating on sunglasses today was first made for astronauts’ helmets.

And now, space can take on the function of becoming the next tourist destination.

For many millionaires in the world, space travel on one of Branson’s or Bezo’s spaceships are surprisingly affordable. For USD$250,000, one might get a ticket on a Virgin Galactic spaceship. Bezos’ Blue Origin might take us up for a cool USD$55 million dollars. We await Elon Musk’s SpaceX pricing with bated breath.

These aren’t the only companies who are trying to make gravity-free leaps and bounds however. Astra Space built an orbital rocket and is planning to fly satellites into orbit every single day. Satellite maker Planet Labs has announced its plans to do the same, Firefly Aerospace has a rocket in California awaiting clearance to launch. OneWeb is launching satellites meant to provide full coverage to the planet with high-speed Internet access. Rocket Lab of New Zealand is planning missions to the moon as well as to Venus.

Most fascinating of all to most of us regular folk, is the Space Hotel slated to open in a mere 6 years time. Yes you can read that again, you may not merely get to go to space, but also get to enjoy a spa or a pool with perhaps the most literally out-of-this-world views captured on your instagram stories. Also, gravity free basketball anyone?

It is exciting indeed to think about a time when travel to an exotic location includes one that is off planet. The next 10 years promise to hold exciting new developments in this sphere, and by the next 10, it will hopefully become safe and affordable for everyone on earth, and not just billionaires.

The Story of the Tattooist of Auschwitz

Rebecca Samuel · April 11, 2023 · Leave a Comment

"Prisoners risk their lives for each other trying to sneak food or medicine around, but they also fight for space, quarrel and struggle for survival, because being alive for even 24 hours more is no longer a guarantee."

When I read novels about the Holocaust, especially those based on real life experiences, I need to be in a calm state of mind, so that I don’t become too distressed by the time I get to the various torturous episodes which will inevitably be present in any recounting of one of the worst war crimes in the last century – the genocide of European Jews throughout World War II.

Admittedly, the novel did not touch on or dwell on the tortures and deaths as much as some of the other novels I have read that centred on the topic. Indeed, the protagonist, Lale Sokolov, manages to procure for himself a better life than most of the other prisoners, albeit with the horror of having to tattoo all of his fellow prisoners with serial numbers – a practice introduced in order to allow the German authorities to not just keep track of prisoners, but to able to identify bodies when they died. People were thus relegated to the status of mere objects, and in exchange for a better chance of survival, Sokolov had to carry out this horrific task.

The novel describes malnutrition, typhus, the gassing of and random shootings of prisoners and ashes raining down upon the concentration camp – ashes of the Jews who were burnt in the massive incinerators. Prisoners risk their lives for each other trying to sneak food or medicine around, but they also fight for space, quarrel and struggle for survival, because being alive for even 24 hours more is no longer a guarantee. The novelist Heather Morris weaves in the sense of desperation and hopelessness well, along with the fury and frustrations that sweep through the prisoners, at being treated inhumanely for no reason other than the hate perpetuated by anti-Semitism.

A part of the plot involves Lale Sokolov meeting the love of his life, Gita, and how he goes the extra mile, often risking his life, to make sure that he takes care of her in whatever way he can. They go through stretches of time when they don’t see one another, and live in utter terror that the other has been gassed or incinerated. The love story and the hope the reader starts to nurture, that the two lovers will survive, leave the camp and thrive together after the war, will keep one turning page after page to see if it works out.

Overall, it is not as compelling a read as some of the other Holocaust Literature I have read, such as ‘Night’ by Elie Wiesel or the famous ‘The Diary of a Young Girl’ by Anne Frank. The character of Gita was not as well-rounded as it could have been, and representatives from the Auschwitz Memorial Research Center have questioned some specific facts in the novel as being understated or misrepresented. The novel however is a good read for anyone starting out on the vast canon of Holocaust Literature, and the lessons to be learnt from the horrors of that time.

How Climate Change is Affecting Young People the Most

Nadya Sharfina · April 11, 2023 · Leave a Comment

"It is important for young people to get involved in the climate crisis now. We need their voice and energy to demand action from leaders. "

Climate change should be a top concern for us all. It is not only the most pressing global issue that we face today but also the one that will have the greatest impact on our future. The decisions we make now about climate change will determine the kind of world we leave for future generations.

Climate change is already happening, and it is having a devastating effect on young people all over the world. The effects of climate change – including extreme weather events, food shortages, and displacement – are particularly hard on children and adolescents.

It is important for young people to get involved in the climate crisis now. We need their voice and energy to demand action from leaders. There are lots of ways for young people to get involved in the climate fight, from advocating for policy changes at school or home to creating art or writing about climate issues.

What exactly is Climate Change?

Climate change is the greatest challenge we face as a species today. It is a global climate crisis that has been caused by human activities and is drastically altering our climate systems, leading to extreme weather events and droughts, rising sea levels, disruption of ecosystems, and food insecurity.

The climate crisis is real, and it is happening right now. The effects of climate change are already being felt all over the world, with extreme weather events and rising sea levels causing displacement and food insecurity for children and adolescents.

How Climate Change Affects Young Generations

Climate change has a huge impact on youth all over the world, and it is one of the biggest challenges they face today. As climate disaster continues to disrupt communities, food security and water resources, displacement has become an increasingly common phenomenon. On top of this, climate change increases the risk of extreme weather events like floods, hurricanes, and heat waves that can cause massive destruction and loss of life.

People living in these regions are particularly vulnerable to climate change due to their limited access to resources or capacity to protect themselves from climate-related disasters. They may not have the money or support networks needed to relocate away from climate-related destruction. They also often lack knowledge about climate science or information about how climate change affects them personally. This lack of information makes it difficult for them to understand what is happening and what to plan for the future in an uncertain climate.

We must recognise how climate change affects them so that we can act quickly and effectively to support them during this crisis. Young people need to find mentors who can help them navigate climate-related issues and provide guidance on taking action. We need more research into climate science so they can better understand the impacts of climate change on their lives. We also need more funding dedicated to programs that help young people access resources needed to protect themselves from natural disasters caused by climate shifts.

Ultimately, it is up to us as a society to take immediate action against climate change so that our young people have a chance at a brighter future with fewer environmental threats looming over them. We need everyone—from parents and teachers to politicians—to come together and make sure our teens have the resources they need for us all to move forward into a safer future where everyone has equal opportunity regardless of their background or location in the world.

What Young People Are Doing to Address Climate Change

Young people all over the world are taking climate action and making their voices heard. From organising climate strikes and marches to lobbying their governments for climate policy, young people are leading the way in demanding climate justice.

In addition to raising awareness through protests and demonstrations, young people are also working on crucial initiatives that will help solve the climate crisis. From creating more sustainable lifestyles to developing renewable energy sources, they are actively engaging in solutions-oriented climate action.

They are also leading campaigns to transition away from fossil fuels and replace them with clean energy sources like solar and wind power. Through climate advocacy, they are pushing for climate policies that prioritise sustainability, reduce emissions, and protect vulnerable communities most affected by climate change.

By forming youth-led coalitions like Fridays for Future or Zero Hour, young people have created powerful networks of climate activists who work together to fight for climate justice around the globe. They are mobilising public opinion and encouraging politicians to take bold actions on climate change.

From coastlines impacted by rising sea levels to communities affected by extreme weather events, young people everywhere understand the urgency of addressing climate change now – before it is too late. Their passion and commitment are inspiring a movement that is determined to combat the climate crisis and create a healthier future for all of us.

Ways for Young People to Get Involved in the Climate Crisis

Given the urgency of climate change, young people need to get involved and fight back. There are lots of ways for them to make a difference in the climate crisis – from writing letters and petitions to attending climate rallies or working on climate-related projects at school.

Young people should also take action individually by reducing their carbon footprint and advocating for climate-friendly policies in their community. Every little bit counts, and together we can create the change we need to protect our planet.

The Importance of Young People Speaking Out About Climate Change

Climate change is an urgent issue, and young people have a unique opportunity to make their voices heard. They have the power to influence climate policy and mobilise their peers. Their energy and creativity are essential in the fight against climate change, and their activism can create real change in our world.

It is time for young people to rise and take action for climate justice. We have the power to make a difference – if we speak out and stand together, we can create the change that our world needs.

How Climate Change Will Impact Our Future

Climate change is rapidly changing our climate, and the long-term effects of this crisis are cause for deep concern. If we do not take urgent action to reduce carbon emissions, climate change will have devastating consequences for our planet and our future.

Rising temperatures due to climate change will lead to heat waves that will become more frequent and intense in the years ahead. Such extreme weather events can cause a range of health problems, such as heat exhaustion, dehydration, and even death. They also put a strain on medical resources and public infrastructure while disrupting businesses and people’s livelihoods.

Extreme climate events such as floods, droughts, hurricanes, and typhoons are set to become more common in the coming decades due to climate change. These climate disasters can cause displacement, destruction of homes and livelihoods, food insecurity, water scarcity, and even death. Climate change is already leading to crop failure in some parts of the world due to rising temperatures and unpredictable weather patterns which could cause famines if governments don’t act quickly enough.

Climate change can also affect mental health in profound ways; it has been linked with an increase in anxiety and depression due to climate-related stresses like displacement from climate disasters or fear about the future of our planet.

The most vulnerable communities are hit hardest by climate change – the poor suffer disproportionately from climate-related disasters while developing countries often lack the resources needed to manage climate risks effectively. Many indigenous communities are particularly at risk as their traditional ways of life become unsustainable due to changing climates.

Young people today face a future filled with uncertainty due to climate chaos – they may have no choice but to adapt to an ever-changing world or risk being left behind as we grapple with the consequences of climate breakdown. We must act now or face an uncertain future where the climate becomes increasingly hostile towards humanity – one marked by an abundance of natural disasters, food insecurity caused by crop failures, water shortages caused by droughts or floods, economic devastation caused by extreme weather events and displacement from warring nations over increasingly scarce resources resulting from the climate crisis.

It is time for us all – young people especially – to start taking action against climate change now if we want any hope for a better future for ourselves and our children. We must work together – politicians, industry leaders, ordinary citizens alike – towards building a sustainable world governed by principles of sustainability if we are going to save our planet from irreparable damage caused by climate breakdown.

The Rise & Fall of the Roman Empire

Rebecca Samuel · April 11, 2023 · Leave a Comment

"If you want rainbow, you have to deal with the rain."

-Augustus Caesar

Circa 117 CE (Common Era), The Roman Empire was a powerhouse of political, social and cultural sophistication in the western world. The first emperor of Rome was Augustus Caesar, and the last was Romulus Augustulus. Their respective rules were fascinating in their political complexities. The Empire did not die with Augustulus, it went on to be known as the Byzantine Empire in the east, up until the famous fall of Constantinople. Why is any of this relevant to us today? Only because almost all facets of the Roman Empire and its influence can be seen almost everywhere in the western world today.

The Famous Caesars

“I found Rome a city of clay but left it a city of marble” – Augustus Caesar on his deathbed. Augustus, the first emperor of Rome, indeed brought glory to Rome by vanquishing its enemies and earning the title of ‘Emperor’. Indeed, the area of his conquest was so large it’s almost hard to imagine today, as the man went on to annex Egypt, Dalmatia, Pannonia, Noricum and Raetia, plus parts of Africa and Hispania. His famous reformations to included tax reformations that saw the wealth of Rome increase exponentially. We also owe the month of August to Augustus – that’s right, an entire month in the calendar year was named after him.

No less charismatic, Augustus’ uncle Julius Caesar ruled before him, but without the title of emperor. He held the title ‘Dictator’ and proudly too, as Caesar advocated for a brand of politics that would come to be known as Caesarism, rule that involves a popular leader who operates on a cult of personality, rules by force and is in favour of the military playing a large role in government. As one can imagine, the man and his ideas were rather controversial even for those days. Julius Caesar was betrayed and assassinated, stabbed 23 times in the Senate. The event has been imagined and represented by Shakespeare, and countless artists through the ages.

A steady stream of stable, steady leadership followed the Caesars. Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, Nero, Galba, Otho, Vitellius, Vespasian – who initiated building the Coliseum of Rome – Titus, Domitian, Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, Marcus Aurelius. All the men contributed in some way or built on previous rulers’ strengths, through plenty of contention, jealousy, assassinations and dark plots.

The Fall

The main cause of the fall of the Roman Empire is still a topic of debate amongst historians, maybe because it symbolizes what we fear about our own civilization. There are a number of theories about why an empire that ruled over so many for 500 years finally fell, but most historians feel that it wasn’t a single event, but rather a series of factors that contributed to the steady decline. Possible causes include:

Conflicts between the Emperor and the Senate and subsequent weakening of the emperor’s power
Overspending – the Romans threw lavish parties and spent freely on annual “games”
Slave labour – Large, wealthy farm owners used slaves to work on their farms, allowing them to farm cheaply, in contrast to smaller farmers. This may have led to high unemployment figures
Political Corruption
Economic Decline
Military spending – The government focused more on military spending than building houses or other public works, which enraged the people. When people stopped volunteering for the army, it forced the government to employ hired mercenaries, who were expensive
The Eastern Empire – The Roman Empire was divided into Eastern and Western empires that drifted apart, rendering the empire weaker.
Civil War and Barbarian Invasion

The history of the Roman Empire and the people involved in its rise and fall are the topic of countless works of literature. Indeed, the lessons learnt from this empire of yesteryear still hold weight today.

The Legacy

So just why is it that the Roman empire is lauded to this day? One of the major reasons was that it covered the most substantial and expansive political and social structure in western civilization. Another is that these men were founders in their time – a title that many entrepreneurs today strive to live up to. The efficiency with which the Roman leadership ran the empire is admirable, considering the sizes of the populations that they were dealing with. The empire after all, extended from Britain to what is today northern Iraq and included Egypt and North Africa, the western part of Germany and all of the Mediterranean.

On the Black Lives Matter Movement

Rebecca Samuel · April 10, 2023 · Leave a Comment

"The mission behind Black Lives Matter is straightforward: To abolish discrimination, oppression and systemic racism."

#BlackLivesMatter saw its first tweet in 2013. The beginning of the movement has been credited to three Black American women, Alicia Garza, Opal Tometi and Patrisse Cullors, who started the movement after the death of Trayvon Martin, a Black teenager who was shot while walking to his friend’s house and the acquittal of the man who shot him. Since then, millions of people all over the world have contributed to the cause in a myriad of ways, from signing petitions to hashtags of #BlackLivesMatter on social media to protesting on the streets, all for equality and justice for Black people.

The mission behind Black Lives Matter is straightforward: To abolish discrimination, oppression and systemic racism. The path to getting these is less so. The protests held in the U.S. last year after the murder of George Floyd by a police officer spread to 60 countries across all 7 continents. It has been the largest Black-led protest since the 1960s.

What can movements like #blm do to increase equality for Black people? It creates space for Black empowerment, affirms Black humanity and builds social, economic and political power for all Black people. It is an acknowledgement that Black people are disproportionately affected by systems of inequality and oppression. It works towards building impartial and unbiased systems in society.

Some specific aims of Black Lives Matter are:

Fighting state-sanctioned discrimination against Black communities
Organizing local efforts that contribute to Black empowerment
Changing discriminatory systems in criminal justice systems
Abolishing police violence and brutality

Black Lives Matter is a significant movement in the world today. It was one of the first movements to utilize social media to mobilize people all over the world. The hashtag #BlackLivesMatter became both platform and organization tool to contribute to all the action that took place offline. Since it began, the movement has influenced legislation, toppled corrupt politicians, improved housing, healthcare and education, and demanded justice for victims of police violence and discriminatory legal systems.

People all over the world and in Singapore have become a lot more sensitive to and aware of racial issues and systemic discrimination that seep into the most egalitarian societies. We all look forward to a world where racism no longer exists and men and women can live in true harmony with one another.

The Impact of Movies and TV on Teenagers Today

Nadya Sharfina · April 10, 2023 · Leave a Comment

"Most teens reject aspirational content that valorises fame and financial gain. Instead, they are seeking out movies and TV shows that provide hope and knowledge of others, and are relatable to their age group. "

Teens today are looking for content in movies and TV that is escapist and fun, while also addressing real-life issues that they are facing. This may include family life, mental health, or social media. As Hollywood contemplates its next big hit for adolescent audiences, it is important to listen to what teenagers have to say about what they want to see.

Most teens reject aspirational content that valorises fame and financial gain. Instead, they are seeking out movies and TV shows that provide hope and knowledge of others, and are relatable to their age group. This indicates a substantial shift in the definition of success for this generation compared to previous ones.

Teens today desire movies and TV shows that reflect a diverse world with uplifting experiences. Furthermore, stories can shape our thinking, drive conversations, and inspire us to seek information on important topics such as mental health. Therefore, movies and TV programs need to be authentic to real people and real lives to best serve this new generation of adolescents.

What Movies and TV Shows Are Teenagers Watching Today

Today’s teenagers are watching movies and TV shows that provide a unique combination of escapism, real-life issues, and relatable storylines. From the Marvel movies to Stranger Things, many popular movies and TV shows today have found success with teenage viewers.

Superhero movies have been very popular in recent years. Films such as The Avengers and Justice League have captivated teens with their thrilling action sequences and epic fight scenes. Additionally, movies such as La La Land and The Fault in Our Stars have tapped into teenage emotions by depicting the passionate romance between two young characters.

Television has also become a powerful platform for teen audiences. Teenage favorite series like Pretty Little Liars utilise the soap opera genre to create suspenseful storylines filled with drama and intrigue. Other teen-friendly programs such as Gossip Girl and Euphoria explore modern social issues including friendship dynamics and mental health struggles respectively.

In addition to traditional movies and TV shows, streaming platforms are viral among teenagers today. Services like Netflix offer original content tailored specifically for teenagers such as 13 Reasons Why – a story about a young girl who committed suicide after facing bullying at school. Furthermore, streaming services also make it easier for teens to access movies from other countries, allowing them to explore international cultures from the comfort of their homes.

Overall, movies and TV shows now provide teenagers with fun entertainment and meaningful stories that challenge them to think critically while allowing them to escape reality when needed. Whether they are watching Marvel movies or international films on Netflix, teenagers today are finding plenty of content that resonates with them on the big screen or small screen alike.

Movies and TV Shows Provide Escapism to Teenagers

Today’s teenagers are watching movies and TV shows that provide them with escapism. Movies and TV offer the opportunity to explore different perspectives and they also give teens a chance to escape their daily lives and immerse themselves in a world of stories that often reflect their own experiences. This helps them better understand themselves, cope with stressors, learn about different cultures and ways of thinking, gain exposure to new ideas and perspectives, build relationships with others through shared interests, and just have fun.

In addition to entertainment value, movies and TV can also serve an educational purpose by teaching teenagers about history or providing thought-provoking insights on relevant topics.

How Movies and TV Can Address Real-life Issues for Teenagers

Movies and TV can be used to address real-life issues that teenagers are facing. Movies and TV programs often strive for authenticity to better serve this new generation of adolescents. This means the shows attempt to accurately portray how teens communicate, interact with each other, deal with various emotions and life experiences, navigate relationships, and make decisions about the future.

Popular movies and tv series such as Euphoria or 13 Reasons Why have been successful in addressing topics such as police brutality, racism, suicide prevention, mental health awareness, healthy relationships, sexual assault prevention and so on. By creating stories that are relatable to teen audiences, these movies offer an opportunity to start conversations on important issues while also providing a sense of validation and hope.

Messages that Movies and TV Send to Teenagers

Movies and TV can shape our thinking, drive conversations, and inspire us to seek information on important topics such as mental health or social justice issues. Many movies convey positive messages that challenge stereotypes, encourage dialogue and self-reflection, provide hope and reassurance, highlight the importance of empathy, and celebrate diversity. Movies can serve as an entry point to engage teenagers in thought-provoking conversations about topics that may otherwise be difficult to address.

Good movies and TV shows often reflect our diverse world by featuring realistic characters who are representative of different cultures, races, sexualities, ages, religions, etc. Representation matters because it helps reduce the stigma associated with certain groups while also allowing people from various backgrounds to identify with these characters on screen.

Ultimately, a good teen show should strive to provide teenagers with a safe space where they can explore different perspectives without being judged or criticized. By doing this, movies and TV shows can send a powerful message to teenagers that it is okay to be different, it is okay to be yourself, and it is important to speak up for what you believe in.

The Impact of Movies and TV on the Teenage Brain

Movies and TV shows have a profound impact on the way teenage brains develop. It is well known that movies are capable of influencing the attitudes, beliefs, and behaviour of teenagers. Movies can shape teenagers’ opinions on social issues such as gender roles, violence, and sexuality. Movies can also affect how teens approach relationships and friendships, with some movies promoting negative behaviours such as bullying or gossiping.

On top of this, movies can influence teenagers’ mental health by either positively or negatively affecting their self-esteem, body image, anxiety levels, and more. Television shows in particular can be especially influential due to their episodic nature, allowing storylines to build over time while providing viewers with an escape from their daily lives. With movies and TV promoting certain ideas, behaviours, and values, it is important to pay attention to what teenagers are watching to prevent any long-term impacts on their development.

Movies and TV shows can have a significant impact on the teenage brain. Teens should watch shows that portray accurate representations of real-life experiences so that teenagers feel seen and validated on screen. They should also watch movies that showcase diversity, inclusion, and empathy while encouraging dialogue. Ultimately movies which provide entertainment as well as education will benefit teenage audiences everywhere.

The Lessons Hidden in Banned Books for Teenagers

Nadya Sharfina · April 9, 2023 · Leave a Comment

"However, as any bookworm will tell you, just because a book is popular does not mean it is good. And just because a book is banned does not mean it is bad."

It is a good time to be a bookworm. In the past, if you wanted to read something that challenged the status quo or pushed boundaries, you had to go out of your way to find it. These days, with books like The Hunger Games and Harry Potter making their way from the pages of banned books onto the big screen, it is hard to find a teenager who has not been swept up in the magic (or adventure) of reading.

However, as any bookworm will tell you, just because a book is popular does not mean it is good. And just because a book is banned does not mean it is bad. Some of history’s most famous and beloved books were once banned for being too controversial, too dangerous, or simply too different. So what can teenagers learn from banned books? A lot more than they might think!

What Are Banned Books and Why Are They Banned?

Before teenagers get into banned books, they must understand why these books were banned in the first place. Banned books are generally books that challenge the status quo or push boundaries by discussing controversial topics such as offensive language, politics, violence, religion, sexual descriptions, racism, and other matters of public concern.

While some countries have an official list of banned books, many others rely on parents and educators to set limits on what teenagers can watch, listen to, and read. By understanding why books are banned, teenagers can make more informed decisions when reading them.

Learn to Think Critically

Banned books often present teenagers with ideas and perspectives that go against their beliefs or that of their families and communities. This can be an excellent opportunity for teenagers to learn how to think critically about different points of view, rather than resorting to knee-jerk reactions or simply accepting what they read without question. The ability to think critically is an invaluable skill in today’s world, so reading banned books provides teenagers with the perfect platform to hone this skill.

Broaden Your Horizons

One of the most important things teenagers can learn from banned books is to appreciate different perspectives and points of view. By reading various books with different themes and stories, teenagers can understand how others have experienced life in ways that may be very different from their own. This helps teenagers build empathy for people from different backgrounds or who have had different experiences, making it easier for them to form meaningful relationships with those around them.

By reading such books, teenagers can broaden their horizons and understand that not everyone is the same. This can be a powerful lesson in learning to respect and appreciate diversity. So do not let the stigma surrounding banned books keep teenagers from picking up a compelling read. There is plenty to learn between the pages of history’s most controversial reads.

Increase Understanding of Difficult Topics

Banned books often discuss difficult topics such as racism, sexism, poverty, and violence in ways that teenagers may not be exposed to in other areas. Reading banned books allows teenagers to learn more about these subjects without feeling overwhelmed or threatened by them.

This helps teenagers develop a better understanding of complex issues which they may face in their everyday lives. By reading banned books, teenagers can increase their knowledge and become more compassionate towards those affected by them.

Bridge the Gap Between Generations

Reading banned books together with parents or grandparents can help teenagers better understand the different eras that have shaped our world today. This can be useful for teenagers who are interested in history, as it gives them a different perspective and insight into why certain books or ideas were banned in the past. It also provides teenagers with an opportunity to discuss their opinions about controversial topics and share different perspectives.

What Teenagers Should Consider Before Reading a Banned Book

Reading banned books is not always appropriate for teenagers, depending on their age and maturity level. Before teenagers read a book that has been deemed controversial or dangerous, they should keep in mind that some may contain language or themes that could be disturbing or offensive. It is important to research the book and find out what it is about before teenagers begin reading it.

Teenagers can learn a lot from banned books if they approach them with an open mind and proper context. While some books may not be appropriate for teenagers to read on their own, teenagers can benefit from discussing banned books with an adult or guardian who can provide guidance and insight.

At the end of the day, what teenagers learn from banned books is entirely up to them. Whether they seek greater insight into difficult topics, build empathy, or just want to explore something new. Overall, banned books can help teenagers grow more informed and aware of the world around them, as well as develop empathy and understanding of different points of view. So why not give teenagers access to banned books? After all, knowledge is power.

Metaverse: A Journey into a New Dimension

Rebecca Samuel · April 9, 2023 · Leave a Comment

"The metaverse is a simulated digital environment that employs Virtual Reality (VR) to create spaces for rich user interaction that are similar to those found in the real world."

The term ‘metaverse’ is trending, and you may be wondering what all the fuss is about. Virtual coins, virtual art and now an entire virtual world? The lines between what is real and what isn’t continue to blur in these fast moving times. Read on to find out more about this relatively new phenomenon, and what it might mean for you.

Definition

The metaverse is an evolving version of the internet and it will impact many areas in both the off and online world, specifically for work, gaming and wherever there are online communities. Online meetings in the metaverse will involve people interacting via an avatar of themselves. In the metaverse, currency is digital (but of course) and it is used to buy almost anything, from groceries to clothes, weapons in games, and almost anything else you can think of. Users of the metaverse can even fulfil their ‘wanderlust’ by travelling through the virtual landscape, equipped with VR headsets. This aspect of the metaverse marks the difference between just using the internet, and actually being ‘in’ the internet, so to speak. VR, AR, AI and Digital Currency render this phenomenon a possibility.

How Can We Access the Metaverse?

It is still somewhat early days for most people – unless you are an avid gamer who has hung out in Second Life, Roblox and Minecraft. In December of 2021, Facebook announced ‘Horizon Worlds’, a social VR experience for people to create their own realities and explore one another’s. Epic Games has announced an ad free metaverse, for users to interact with other users as well as for brands to advertise and sell their products. Microsoft is busy developing what one can only envision to be the famous holographic messages first seen in the Star Wars movies from the 1970s. Pretty soon, meetings and maybe even lessons will be held in the metaverse!

What Does the Metaverse Hold in Store for Our Future?

Stores such as H&M and Samsung are rumoured to be planning on launching their stores on the metaverse, The idea is to create a more immersive and interactive shopping experience, allowing for greater recall value, all while the customer is in the comfort of their home.

The entertainment industry is already getting in on the action. Performers such as Travis Scott, Marshmellow and Ariana Grande have already held MILEs – Massive Interactive Live Events – pulling in over 12 million concert goers on the computer game, Fortnite. The first concert by Travis Scott was held in April of 2020. Performers such as Lady Gaga, Maroon 5, Queen, and Daft Punk are lined up for 2022. In a raging pandemic which has seen large concerts cancelled and even smaller music arenas closed, this new mode of performance could not have come at a better time.

It remains to be seen if the metaverse is yet another passing fad, or something that might be here to stay, and which might change the way we live, work and play forever.

The Importance of Talking to Your Kids About Social Media

Nadya Sharfina · April 8, 2023 · Leave a Comment

"As parents, it is important for us to understand social media and how it works. We need to be aware of the dangers associated with using social media, as well as the benefits."

As parents, we want our kids to be smart. We want them to make good decisions, get good grades in school, and stay out of trouble. But sometimes it can be challenging to know how to support our kids to succeed. One area where parents often need help is teaching kids how to use social media safely and responsibly.

Kids today are growing up in a world where social media is an integral part of their lives. They use it to communicate with friends, share information, and stay connected. As parents, it is important for us to understand social media and how it works. We need to be aware of the dangers associated with using social media, as well as the benefits.

Thankfully, there are some things parents can do to help their kids be smart while using social media.

Introduce Kids to Social Media at a Young Age

Parents should introduce kids to social media at a young age. This will help kids learn about it early on, and it will also help them be more aware of the dangers of using social media. Many parents don’t talk to their kids about the dangers of social media until it is too late.

Warn Kids About the Dangers of Social Media

Social media can be a great tool for kids, but if they are not properly informed of its dangers, it can also be a source of risk. Parents need to be aware of the dangers that come with using social media, such as cyberbullying, sexting, online predators, exposure to inappropriate content, and data privacy issues. Parents should take the time to explain these issues and emphasize why kids need to be careful when using social media.

In addition, kids need to be aware of the potential for online scams and fraud. They should never click on links from unknown sources, and not purchase anything online without parental permission.

Set Expectations and Boundaries

Parents should set clear expectations and boundaries for kids when it comes to social media. They should talk about the consequences of inappropriate behavior and explain why posting certain types of content is dangerous. Kids should be made aware that there are limits to what they can post, and that once something is online, it can be hard to take back.

The conversation between kids and parents should also include a discussion about respect, both on social media and in real life. Kids should know that it is not okay to say hurtful things about someone else through bullying or gossip.

In turn, parents agree to respect their kids’ privacy while making an effort to be part of the conversation and have them share their social media experiences.

Show Kids How to Use Privacy Settings Correctly

Parents should also ensure that kids are using their privacy settings correctly. Many social media sites have options to keep certain information private and kids need to be aware of these settings. Parents should remind kids that not everything needs to be shared online and they should take the time to explain why it is important to keep some things private.

Encourage Kids to Think Before They Post

Kids need to understand that anything they post online can be seen by others. Parents should make sure kids know not to post anything they would not want their parents or teachers to see. Kids need to be aware of the fact that what they post now can have serious consequences in the future.

It is important for kids to understand that they should think carefully before they post anything online. Parents should remind kids that if something seems too good to be true, it probably is, and they should never share personal information with strangers. They should also know that it is okay to block or ignore people who are harassing them online.

Set Rules for Using Technology and Enforce Them

Parents should also set clear boundaries and expectations when it comes to kids using technology, including social media. Doing so will help kids understand the limits that are in place and why they are important. Parents should talk with kids about how much time is appropriate for them to spend on social media and make sure kids stick to these rules.

It is also important for kids to understand the consequences of breaking these rules. Parents should make sure kids know that there will be repercussions if they don’t follow the guidelines set by their parents, such as having their devices taken away or other disciplinary measures.

By setting clear expectations and enforcing them, kids can learn how to use social media responsibly and understand the consequences of their actions. It will also help kids stay safe when using social media, as well as instill a sense of responsibility in kids.

Why Is It Important for Parents?

It can be difficult to talk to kids about social media and the dangers that come with it, but it is important to step in to keep them safe. Parents should take the time to discuss the risks associated with social media and they should also explain the importance of using it responsibly. By having these important conversations early on, parents can help kids to make smart choices online and ultimately keep them safe from potential harm. It is not always easy, but it is worth it in the end.

Zoos Under Scrutiny: Are They a Necessary Evil?

Nadya Sharfina · April 8, 2023 · Leave a Comment

"Zoos have pros and cons that must be considered when discussing their impact on animal conservation."

For centuries, zoos have been a source of fascination and entertainment for people around the world. Zoos also play an important role in animal conservation, from providing safe havens for endangered species to educating visitors about wildlife and their habitats. Zoos can be powerful auxiliaries for preserving biodiversity and protecting animals from extinction.

However, zoos have pros and cons that must be considered when discussing their impact on animal conservation. In this article, we will explore the arguments in favour of zoos to better understand how they affect our environment today.

Zoos and Animal Conservation

A zoo is a facility where animals are housed and cared for, and where people are allowed to observe them in captivity. Zoos attempt to stimulate animals’ natural habitat as closely as possible, providing food, shelter and medical care for the animals under their protection.

Zoos play an essential role in animal conservation by providing a safe haven for endangered species. This ensures that critically endangered animals are not lost forever due to extinction, as zoos can provide them with the resources they need to survive and be bred safely in captivity.

The Advantages of Zoos for Animal Conservation

Photo by Irene Grace Tolentino on Unsplash

By keeping animals in captivity, zoos can protect them from predators and poachers and guarantee their safety. Zoos can keep endangered species alive through breeding programs that ensure their numbers continue to increase over time.

Other than that, zoos have the potential to serve as powerful auxiliaries in educating the public about wildlife and animal conservation. Through hands-on experiences, zoos provide visitors with an up-close look at animals they would otherwise never encounter, allowing them to gain a deeper understanding of species’ behaviour and needs.

Some zoos offer educational programs for children and adults that focus on endangered species and conservation efforts. By teaching visitors about animal habitats and the threats these animals face in the wild, zoos can help people understand how their actions affect wildlife populations around the world.

The Downsides of using Zoos for Animal Conservation

Unfortunately, zoos are not without their drawbacks when it comes to animal conservation. Zoos must be expensive to maintain, which means that resources used to keep them running could be used for other conservation efforts instead. For example, more money could go towards researching specific species in their natural habitats or directly conserving those species’ environments.

Zoos can lead to a false sense of security among visitors. Seeing animals in captivity can make people forget about the need for animal conservation outside zoos and ignore their responsibility towards endangered species living in the wild.

Moreover, zoos can take away the autonomy of animals by keeping them in captivity and controlling their environment. This can lead to physical and mental health problems among zoo-kept animals and ultimately reduce their lifespan.

Solutions

For animal conservation, zoos should focus on ethically-responsible practices. This means providing animals with as much autonomy as possible and avoiding controlling their behaviour in unnecessary ways. Zoos should strive to use every available resource efficiently and responsibly so that more money can be directed toward other wildlife conservation efforts.

We need more zoos to create educational programs that make visitors aware of the need to conserve species in the wild rather than just at zoos. This will help ensure that visitors understand their responsibility towards our planet’s wildlife and why it is essential to protect endangered species even when they are not on display.

NFTs and Society: Pioneering a New Era of Possibilities

Nadya Sharfina · April 7, 2023 · Leave a Comment

"NFTs have already begun to be used in a variety of ways, from raising money for charity to being sold as collectibles. "

Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) are new digital assets that have begun to revolutionise how we think about and interact with ownership, identity, and economy. NFTs are the modern way for people to express themselves and share ideas. They are unique in that they cannot be replicated, meaning each one is entirely individual and can hold immense value. NFTs have already begun to be used in a variety of ways, from raising money for charity to being sold as collectibles.

Because NFTs are so new, their future is uncertain, but there is potential for them to become very popular as more people learn about them. This article explains what NFTs are and what implications they have for the future of society.

What Are NFTs and How Do They Work?

NFTs are blockchain-based digital assets representing art, music, videos, or other forms of media. NFTs use cryptography to ensure that each asset is unique and can be securely tracked and transferred from one owner to another. This technology has enabled NFTs to become a medium for creating non-fungible tokens that have tangible value in the modern economy.

As NFT technology continues to gain traction, it could potentially be used to create digital identities for individuals or organizations with secure tracking mechanisms. This could help ensure that no one’s personal information is shared without consent, while still allowing them to authent.

The History of NFTs

NFTs have a long and varied history, with the concept being first proposed back in 2012. Since then, there has been a lot of experimentation and development in the space, with platforms such as Ethereum gaining ground as leaders in NFT technology.

NFTs have grown in popularity and are now being used in a variety of different fields such as gaming and finance. NFTs can also be used to verify ownership of intellectual property or digital art and music. They are also being used to tokenize physical objects such as real estate, cars, and jewelry. NFTs have the potential to revolutionize how society views ownership, identity, and the modern economy.

How NFTs Are Changing the Way We Think About Ownership, Identity, and Economy

NFTs are changing the way we think about ownership, identity, and economy by allowing individuals to own digital assets securely and with more confidence. NFTs can be used to tokenize physical objects, giving them tangible value in the modern economy. NFTs also have implications for society as a whole, as they could potentially revolutionize how people interact with ownership and identity on a broader scale.

NFTs could provide new opportunities for entrepreneurs, creators, social media influencers, and other users to monetize their work without relying on third-party intermediaries. NFT technology could also open up new markets for investors looking for alternative asset classes or ways to diversify their portfolios.

NFTs may even change the way we interact with each other in modern society by allowing us to authenticate our identities securely on a blockchain-based platform. As NFT technology continues to develop, it is worth keeping an eye out for what implications these revolutionary assets will have for the future of society.

What Are the Benefits and Risks Associated with Investing in NFTs?

NFT investing carries both potential benefits and risks. NFTs can provide investors with access to alternative asset classes that are not typically available through traditional methods, as well as diversification in their portfolios. NFTs could also open up new markets, allowing investors to invest in works of art, music, and other digital assets. However, NFT investments come with the same risk factors associated with any type of investment – such as market volatility and liquidity risk.

NFT investments are also subject to the same regulatory requirements as traditional investments. Therefore, investors should always do their research before investing in NFTs. Ultimately, investors need to recognize both the potential benefits and risks associated with NFT investing before making any decisions.

How Are NFTs Impacting the Future of Society?

NFTs are just the beginning of what could be a revolution in digital asset ownership. In addition to being used to tokenise real world assets such as art, music, and even real estate, NFTs can also represent unique items such as virtual trading cards or collectible figurines that derive value from scarcity or exclusive access. These tokens serve as certificates of ownership for digital assets which can then be traded on popular NFT marketplaces like OpenSea and Rarible.

NFTs may become increasingly important over time due to their ability to tokenize physical artwork, allowing it to be sold digitally without losing its original source material. This could mean that artists could receive royalties for works they create and license them out to customers. NFTs could also open up new opportunities for creators of digital art, music and even virtual environments as they would be able to license their work out securely and receive payments directly from consumers.

NFTs have the potential to become a major part of our modern economy and culture in the years to come, allowing creators and consumers alike to benefit from unique digital assets with guaranteed ownership rights. It will be fascinating to see what the future holds for NFTs. NFT technology may still be in its early stages, but its implications are huge.

How to Discuss LGBTQ Issues With Your Child

Nadya Sharfina · April 5, 2023 · Leave a Comment

“Open conversations on sensitive topics are opportunities to teach kids about the value of empathy and respect for others.”

Young people often learn about gender identity and LGBTQAI+ issues through friends, at school, or the media before ever discussing it with their parents. Many of the terms may be confusing to understand and easy to misinterpret. Unlike in the recent past, acceptance, and inclusivity preached by other youth are becoming the norm rather than the exception. Most kids however would still benefit from open conversations with their parents on the topic. Every parent wants the best for their children. However, providing support is not always easy, particularly if you are the parent of an LGBTQ child.

Understanding LGBTQ and Sexual Orientation

The letter “LGBTQ” is generally used to describe sexual orientation. This acronym is an abbreviation for “lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (or questioning)”

The term “transgender” refers to gender identity, and not sexual orientation. Gender refers to whether a person is male or female. Transgender people may have one gender’s body but believe they are of the opposite gender.

Meanwhile, sexual orientation refers to a person’s emotional, romantic, or sexual attraction to another person. There are various types of sexual orientation, such as:

Heterosexual

Males are romantically and physically attracted to heterosexual females, and heterosexual females are romantically and physically attracted to heterosexual males. Heterosexuals are often referred to as “straight.”

Homosexual

People who are romantically and physically attracted to people of the same gender.

Bisexual

People who are romantically and physically attracted to people of both sexes.

Asexual

People who are not interested in sex, sexual feelings, or desires.

Create a Safe and Nurturing Environment

The first step towards discussing LGBTQ issues is to create a safe and nurturing environment where your children can express their opinions on the topic, free of judgment. Your child may have noticed that LGBTQ children in their school may face sexual orientation discrimination at school, or even within their own families. If your child is confused or has questions about his or her identity and orientation as well, it is incredibly important that understanding and support come from you as the parent.

The next step is to have meaningful conversations on LGBTQ issues about gender identity and sexual orientation. You could start by simply asking them how they identify or what makes them feel comfortable. You can also discuss topics such as LGBTQ history and current events, which will help kids understand the cultural aspects of being LGBTQ in today’s society.

It is essential to remind LGBTQ children that everyone is unique and that it is acceptable for people to express themselves in whatever way feels natural and comfortable to them. Remind them that exploring gender identity and sexual orientation is an ongoing journey and that they do not need to rush into any opinions or decisions.

Educate Yourself and Remain Open-Minded

Parents should also educate themselves on the subject of gender and sexual orientation. Be open-minded and willing to learn because children who identify as LGBTQ may face issues that are unique to their experience.

There are numerous excellent resources available online and offline to help you better understand LGBTQ identities and experiences. Here are a few examples:

Books

Family Pride by Michael Shelton: This book is about what LGBTQ families should know about navigating home, school, and neighbourhood safety. It is a great book emphasizing community safety for queer families and allies.

Love Comes First by Bradford Kolb, MD, FACOG & Melinda Maerker: This book is about LGBTQ families’ inspiring stories. This also includes expert advice on raising LGBTQ children, ranging from adoption to surrogacy, a tour of biology, and the latest reproductive medicine technologies from an LGBTQ perspective.

This is a Book for Parents of Gay Kids by Dannielle Owens-Reid and Kristin Russo: Written in a simple Q&A format. The authors have extensive experience answering parents’ numerous questions and providing insight and guidance on emotional and practical issues.

YouTube

Queer Kid Stuff: This channel provides LGBTQ and social justice media to children and families. They produce videos, podcasts, newsletters, and various other media.

Shame Proof Parenting: Mercedes Samudio is a best-selling author, speaker, and parent coach. In this episode, she speaks with John Sovec about how to support a child who identifies as LGBTQ and helps teens and parents navigate the process of coming out.

Powered by Rainbows: Every week, this channel offers LGBTQ videos that include highly researched classes, documentaries, interviews with experts and activists, and so many more.

Communities / Organizations (Singapore based)

The T Project: This is Singapore’s first and only social service that caters to the needs of the transgender community. The T Project runs a transgender women’s shelter, a community center, counseling services, and trans reading materials.

Sayoni: The organization was founded in 2006 by six women from diverse backgrounds to empower queer women, including lesbian, bisexual, and transgender women. The volunteer-led organization based in Singapore believes that everyone can help improve the lives of the LGBTQ+ community.

The Purple Alliance: This is a safe space that promotes the well-being of LGBTQA people. It gives them the ability to share their stories and provides them with the resources they require.

Parents should be aware of any LGBTQ-related activities that children may be interested in attending (such as LGBTQ pride festivals or LGBTQ-focused events at schools) and support participation if they feel comfortable doing so. You could also Introduce kids to movies and other forms of media that feature LGBTQ characters or themes. Doing so will give children exposure to the issues and stories surrounding the topic.

Respect Your LGBTQ Child’s Privacy

Remember that the gender identity and sexual orientation of LGBTQ children are private matters. It is critical to remind your child to respect others’ privacies as well as protect your LGBTQ child’s privacy and not reveal any personal information about them without their consent. This includes not discussing LGBTQ issues with other family members or friends without the child’s permission. Parents should be aware that their children may be reluctant to discuss their gender identity or sexual orientation in public.

Family Rejection

The rejection of LGBTQ children by their own families is a tragedy that has been going on for far too long. This heartbreaking situation can leave deep emotional scars and lead to devastating consequences, such as drug addiction, depression, and self-harming behavior, including suicide attempts.

While this problem is often attributed to the children themselves, it is rooted in society’s attitude towards LGBTQ children and how parents internalize those attitudes. In many cases, the shame caused by parental disapproval can be so great that parents will reject their children instead of embracing them.

When engaging children in dialogue, be sure to let your children know that you support them unconditionally and that you are always there for them if they ever need anything.

Are Wars Still Being Fought in the World Today?

Rebecca Samuel · April 5, 2023 · Leave a Comment

"Historians believe that the reason for this war arose most likely due to conflict over resources, as these were the times in which agriculture was taking the place of hunting and gathering."

Are Wars Still Being Fought in the World Today? Sadly, the answer to that question is yes, they have been going on ever since the first recorded war between the forces of Sumer and Elam in Mesopotamia in 2700BC. Historians believe that the reason for this war arose most likely due to conflict over resources, as these were the times in which agriculture was taking the place of hunting and gathering. This brings us to an age old question. Why do wars start in the first place?

Common reasons for war:

To effect change in a nation’s government
Disagreements over territory
Disagreements over resources
Religion
Race or Culture
Revenge

There have been conflicts amongst humans ever since, well, humans existed! Throughout history, great leaders have either been lauded for being brave and skilled at the art of war or praised for being able to keep their nations peaceful and prosperous. Millions of -mostly men- have died due to war however, and not always to a noble cause. According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, war is the “state of usually open and declared armed hostile conflict between states or nations.”

Today, in order for a war to be termed a war, some factors have to be taken into consideration:

Fatalities are from battle related deaths as well as deaths of civilians who are intentionally targeted.
It must consist of armed force between 2 or more organized armed groups, whether governmental or non-governmental.

War in Afghanistan

After the September 11 attacks in 2001, the United States invaded Afghanistan. The Taliban government lost control. From there, they have actively revolted against the U.S.-backed government in Kabul, international forces, as well as Afghan national security forces.

To date, the Taliban carries out suicide attacks in major cities. For more than four years the war has been deadlocked. The Afghan National Defense and Security Forces (ANDSF) continue to fight but suffer heavy casualties. In 2018, 10,993 civilian casualties were recorded, with the UN documenting 3,804 deaths and 7,189 injuries. The total UN-documented civilian casualties since 2010 is now at more than 100,000.

War in Yemen

Yemen’s civil war began in 2014 when Houthi insurgents took control of Yemen’s capital, Sana’a. They demanded that fuel prices be lowered and that a new government come into power. They seized the presidential palace in January 2015, which led to the resignation of President Abd Rabbu Mansour Hadi and his government. From March 2015, Saudi Arabia and various other gulf states imposed economic isolation and air strikes against the Houthi insurgents, with the support of the U.S.

The civilian casualty toll has exceeded 15,000 killed or injured. At the time of writing, twenty-two million Yemenis remain in desperate need of urgent aid, while eight million people are at risk of famine. A cholera outbreak has affected over one million people. The conflict today continues to destroy the lives of Yemeni civilians, effectively rendering Yemen as the place with the world’s worst humanitarian crisis.

Unveiling the Magic of Art Therapy for Kids

Nadya Sharfina · March 5, 2023 · Leave a Comment

"Art therapy accommodates the creative process with psychotherapy, allowing for self-discovery and comprehension."

Expressive art therapy can be a powerful and beneficial tool for children of all ages. Through art activities, they can learn to explore their emotions and gain insight into their inner lives. Art therapy aims to provide children with an outlet for expression and to help them cope with complicated feelings. Art therapy can also be particularly helpful for children who have experienced trauma, as it allows them to process their emotions and experiences in a safe and supportive manner.

When combined with counselling, art therapy can provide children with the tools they need to improve their mental and physical health. Through art activities, children can explore their feelings in an accepting and non-judgmental environment where they can express themselves without fear of criticism or reprimand.

Introducing and Creating a Safe Space for Expressive Art Therapy

Expressive art therapy is a process that encourages children to explore their emotions and experiences through art. It is based on the idea that art activities can help children identify and express feelings, thoughts, and ideas that they may not be able to verbalise.

During art therapy sessions, the therapist will provide art materials such as paints, clay, paper, markers, and other creative tools for the child to work with. Art therapy needs to be done in a safe and comfortable environment. This means that art activities should be conducted in an area where children can feel secure and free from distractions.

The therapists should create an atmosphere free of judgment and encourage self-expression through art rather than focusing on the final product. They will also offer guidance and support to help the child understand their art better.

Different Types of Art Therapy Techniques

Expressive art therapy techniques are varied and can be tailored to meet children’s individual needs. Painting, drawing, sculpting, music, and dance are all art forms that can be used in art therapy sessions.

There is no “right” or “wrong” way to approach art therapy. Instead, art activities should be structured around a certain topic or goal. Through art activities such as creating art with clay, painting abstract art, or making collages, children can learn how to better understand themselves and their emotions.

Mental Benefits of Expressive Art Therapy for Kids

Besides helping children develop a better understanding of their emotions, art therapy can also help children understand the emotions of those around them, improve problem-solving skills, and gain confidence in themselves.

Expressive art therapy can be used to work through traumatic experiences or difficult emotions. Children can benefit from improved mental health, better communication skills, enhanced self-awareness, reduced stress levels and increased resilience.

Physical Development Using Various Art Modalities

Art can help improve motor skills and hand-eye coordination as art activities require children to use both hands and different parts of their bodies to create art. It can provide an outlet for physical expression which helps children to become more aware of how their bodies move in certain ways. This awareness often leads to an improved understanding of how their emotions manifest physically and how those feelings impact their behaviour.

This therapy is especially beneficial for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), attachment issues, trauma, or learning disabilities.

Encouraging Creative Exploration at Home

Photo by Volodymyr Hryshchenko on Unsplash

Parents can also benefit from art therapy by encouraging creative exploration at home. This means providing children with art supplies or other materials that allow them to express their creativity. Parents can also take the time to sit down with their children and discuss their artwork together. Doing so helps validate the child’s feelings while allowing them to discuss whatever emotions they may have felt when creating it.

When engaging in art therapy at home, parents should remember that there is no right or wrong way for a child to express themselves through art. Creating art should be a fun and positive experience that allows children to explore their thoughts and feelings in a safe environment. With this approach, parents can help their children gain emotional self-awareness and improve communication skills.

Toxic Marvels: Human Venom Production and Its Startling Implications

Nadya Sharfina · February 28, 2023 · Leave a Comment

"Recent research into kallikreins – an enzyme in humans that is also found in snakes, scorpions, spiders and other venomous creatures."

It may sound like something out of a science fiction movie, but humans could one day be capable of producing venom. This fascinating scientific discovery has implications for both the medical and biological fields. Recent research into kallikreins – an enzyme in humans that is also found in snakes, scorpions, spiders and other venomous creatures – has opened up a new realm of possibilities when it comes to understanding how humans can produce their own unique type of venom. It is the beginning theory for potentially venomous humans.

From vampire bats with toxic saliva to platypuses with spurs on their hind legs, there are many examples of animals using venom for various purposes. But what about humans? Could we too be capable of wielding our own form of chemical weapon? The answer may surprise you! Read on to learn more about this incredible science behind humans being able to produce their venom.

Overview of Venom and Its Uses in Nature

In nature, venom serves a variety of important roles. From delivering powerful neurotoxins to immobilizing prey, venom has many uses and is incredibly effective when it comes to capturing or killing intended targets. Different species have evolved different versions of venom depending on their surroundings and what they need to do to survive. This adaptation of venom based on prey type and environment allows for increased hunting success and survival of the species.

For example, in the Sahara Desert floor where snakes hunt mostly mice, the venom acts mostly on the circulatory system as it is not difficult for a snake to track a dying mouse a short distance on flat ground. In nearby Rocky Mountains, where the snakes hunt mainly lizards, the venom is a potent neurotoxin because if the prey is not quickly immobilized, it can easily escape into a crack and be hidden away.

How Humans Might be Capable of Producing Their Own Venom

With the discovery of kallikreins in humans, scientists have found that humans are capable of producing their own unique type of venom. Kallikreins are proteins secreted by cells in many tissues and organs including skin, glands, and nerves.

The most commonly known form of human-produced venom is saliva which contains several kallikrein proteins that can have toxic effects. While humans do not have venomous fangs or claws like some animals, the toxic compounds present in our saliva are enough to cause pain or even death if ingested in large amounts.

Possible Uses for Human Venom

Scientists are not sure yet what other potential uses humans may be able to find for their venom, but they are hopeful that it could be used in the medical field. For example, researchers have theorized that venom-based drugs could potentially be used to target specific tissues or cells, such as cancer cells, and destroy them without harming other healthy tissues. It is also possible that humans may find new uses for their venom in areas such as pest control.

Ultimately, there is still much more research to be done before humans can take advantage of their venom production capabilities. However, this recent discovery certainly opens up an exciting new realm of possibilities when it comes to humans and their relationship with nature. Who knows what else we may uncover about our incredible bodies and the world around us?

Concluding Thoughts on Humans and Venom

Humans have a remarkable ability to understand and manipulate their genetic makeup, and this research into humans producing venom is certainly pushing the boundaries of science. Even though there are still many unknowns when it comes to humans producing venom, we can already see potential applications for medical treatments.

Humans may one day find themselves with an entirely new form of protection or even be able to use venom-based drugs to treat serious illnesses such as cancer. For now, all that is left to do is wait and see what will come from these groundbreaking discoveries about humans and venom.